What is Orthodontics?

The dentistry specialty, orthodontics or orthodontia refers to the study and treatment of malocclusion (the misalignment of teeth or incorrect relation between the teeth and dental arches) which is a product of tooth irregularity and/or disproportionate jaw closure.

Dental orthodontics treatment, typically through the use of orthodontic braces, is performed by an orthodontist for both aesthetic purposes (the improvement of teeth and smile appearance) and functional purposes (the improvement of the patient's bite, or occlusion, for chewing).

Indeed, dental malocclusion is the most common reason a dentist refers a patient to an orthodontist as very few individuals possess perfect occlusion. Although most occlusion irregularities are so minor as to obviate treatment, orthodontists will treat moderate or severe malocclusion to render teeth easier to clean, to decrease the risk of tooth decay and to lower the likelihood of periodontal disease (mild gingivitis or chronic periodontitis).

Orthodontists may also perform orthodontic treatment to alleviate strain on teeth, jaw and muscles, decreasing the risk of broken teeth and symptoms of joint disorder.